2.2.20. Removal and installation of pistons, piston rings and rods

Fig. 2.126. Pistons, piston rings and rods: 1 – top ring; 2 – 2nd ring; 3 – oil scraper ring; 4 – piston; 5 – rod (And); 6 – cover of the conrod bearing; 7 – conrod bearing (B); 8 – piston finger; 9 – lock ring of a piston finger; 10 – deaf nut of the bearing

Apply engine oil on the surfaces of friction of each detail.

"A": Apply engine oil on the surfaces of friction, except an internal surface of a head of a rod and bolts. Check diameter of a bolt of a rod at reuse.

"B": The arrow on a cover has to be turned towards a pulley of a bent shaft.

Remove the power unit from the car.

Remove a head of the block of cylinders.

Put tags (cylinder No.) on all pistons, rods and covers of rods, using a silver pencil or quick-drying paint.

Uncover rods.

Put on the directing hoses 1 carving parts of bolts of rods. It will prevent injury of conrod necks of the crankshaft and a carving of bolts at removal of rods.

Fig. 2.127. Carving parts of bolts of rods

Remove a deposit from walls of the top part of cylinders before extraction of pistons from cylinders.

Take out pistons with rods via the top parts of cylinders.

Apply engine oil on pistons, rings, walls of cylinders, conrod bearings and conrod necks.

NOTE Check deformation of conrod bolts.

NOTE You do not apply oil between a rod and the bearing (insert) or between a conrod cover and the bearing (insert).

Establish the directing hoses 1 on conrod bolts. Hoses protect conrod necks of a bent shaft and a carving of bolts from damages at installation of rods assembled with pistons.

Fig. 2.128. Carving parts of bolts of rods

At installation of the piston with a rod in the cylinder, focus the piston with a rod so that the forward tag 1 on the bottom of the piston was turned towards a pulley of a bent shaft.

Fig. 2.129. The forward tag 1 on the bottom of the piston has to be turned towards a pulley of a bent shaft: A – party of a pulley of a bent shaft; B – party of a flywheel

Fig. 2.130. Installation of the piston in the cylinder

Install the piston with a rod assembled in the cylinder. Use the special tool (the device for compression of piston rings) to squeeze rings. Establish a rod on a neck of a bent shaft. The handle of the hammer drown the piston in the cylinder. Hold the device for compression of piston rings not movably concerning the block of cylinders until all piston rings do not enter the cylinder.

Fig. 2.131. Installation of a cover of a rod

Establish a cover of a rod 1 as follows.

The tag (arrow) 2 on a cover has to be turned towards a pulley of a bent shaft.

Tighten a deaf nut of fastening of a cover of a rod as follows.

I. Tighten all nuts the moment of 15 N · m.

II. In addition tighten them for 45 °.

III. Repeat operation II once again.

Moment of an inhaling of a nut of a cover of a rod (a): 15 N · m, tighten on 45 ° and 45 °.

Installation is made as it should be, the return to removal.